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Access can be layered. For example, in a dataset, the metadata could be open and available for reuse under a CC0 license, but access to the data could require explicit approval – see [De Novo]. Ideally, accessibility is specified in such a way, that a machine can automatically understand the requirements and perform an appropriate action [GOFAIR2GOFAIR_R1]. By requesting users to create a user account for a repository, access to a dataset can be controlled more easily.
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[FAIRopoly] https://www.ejprarediseases.org/fairopoly/
[GOFAIR2GOFAIR_R1] https://www.go-fair.org/fair-principles/r1-1-metadata-released-clear-accessible-data-usage-license/
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